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pulsatile tinnnitus can be there in AS, HCM and AV Malformation

early systolic murmur is a flow murmur....AV malformation, paget's and pregnancy, wet beriberi...early peeking murmur of AS can be similar...as well as IHSS

bounding peripheral pulses...hmmm...should be hypervolumics....AS dont have...not sure of IHSS

LV EF reduced and LVEDV is increase....either AS or HCM...diastolic dysfunction..but only thing is EF is normal or increased in HCM

seeing all of above..i would go for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

i think it is b. av malformation can present as pulsatile tinnitus and when there is significant shunt of blood through it increases the cardiac output leading to hyperdyanamic circulation------that is bounding pulses & due to volume overload there is increase edv & eventually causes hypertrophy of left ventricle.
i could just analyse it this way but i'm not brilliant so i'm not sure

u r brilliant amarah and at most the answer is B

well....agreed..it can be anything...Av malformation is just another volume overload out of 3 of those.....why not others than

the only condition that causes an ENLARGED APEX is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy..rest all only displace it

A 42 y/o previous healthy woman has AV malformation?

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associate with decreased left ventricular end-diastolic volume

thanx abrahem

how do you get a diastolic dysfunction with reduced EF and clear lungs in AV malformation??

i dont know the answer darkhorse and when i go for any option,i find something gainst it
and on step one exam,you will see few questions like this in each block and you will see also few questions : what is next step
i post it because i think its good question

u get diastolic dysfunction with redued FF due to decrease EDV due to preexisting AV fistula....which inc venous return ..cuz blood wud have been shunted from arterial syatem to venous system thru AV fistula.lung shud be cleared in this situation