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Which one of the following is true regarding gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in infants and children?

A. It is important to exclude underlying systemic disorders before initiating pharmacologic treatment for either condition
B. Failure to thrive is a common presentation of GER
C. All infants with GER have visible regurgitation
D. GER in infants usually resolves by 1 year of age without treatment

A is the answer

ddd

d.

B?

sorry D...it resolves by 1 year

d,more often in baby boys

D
Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is a functional process occuring in a healthy infant. It is common and self-limited, and represents a physiologic process of œspitting up. GER occurs in the absence of poor weight gain, irritability, cough, pain, or anemia. The majority of infants with GER are thriving. It is important to consider other systemic disorders, and rule them out when appropriate. Possible causes of spitting up include pyloric stenosis, infections (e.g., gastrointestinal, genitourinary), and metabolic disorders. It is not necessary to perform a diagnostic evaluation prior to starting drug therapy unless a structural defect is highly suspected. GER in infants is usually self-limited and resolves by 1 year of age. Ref: Jung AD: Gastroesophageal reflux in infants and children. Am Fam Physician 2001;64(11):1853-1860.