+- USMLE Forum - Largest USMLE Community (https://www.usmleforum.com)
+-- Forum: USMLE Forum (https://www.usmleforum.com/forumdisplay.php?fid=1)
+--- Forum: Step 1 (https://www.usmleforum.com/forumdisplay.php?fid=2)
+--- Thread: Let's get this done! - mutation (/showthread.php?tid=668137)
0 - ArchivalUser - 04-06-2012
Finished the block and the explanations and going to review what I did today!
0 - ArchivalUser - 04-06-2012
Finished the review and a block of questions, but my eyes are closing on me, so explanations for tomorrow, going to sleep now.
0 - ArchivalUser - 04-07-2012
It's a neuro day today! But going to do the explanations from yesterday first.
0 - ArchivalUser - 04-07-2012
CNS pathoma complete, a little break and then onto FA.
0 - ArchivalUser - 04-07-2012
Brain is in an enclosed, nonexpandable skull. Any pathology that causes a produces a mass will compress on the brain. This causes damage to the area of the brain that the lesion is on, and also on the intracranial pressure and adjacent parts of the brain.
Increase in intracranial pressure --> Headache, papilledema, vomiting, altered mental states.
Vasogenic edema --> BBB is damaged and increased fluid into intercellular space of the brain (due to trauma)
Cytotoxic edema --> causes cellular injury due to hypoxic or metabolic injury
**Usually injury to the brain has a mix of theses two.
Increase in ICP --> herniation
(1) Subfalcine herniation - cingulate gyrus is pushed laterally away from midline under falx cerebri
(2) Transtentorial Herniation - uncus (medial temporal lobe) herniates downward to the posterior fossa
(3) Central Herniation - central pressure causes bilateral uncal herniation
(4) Tonsillar Herniation - tonsils of the cerebellum herniates toward/into the foramen magnum
0 - ArchivalUser - 04-07-2012
@mutation keep it going! I cant wait to start system pathology in pathoma. My schedule says that I will start on monday. Your an inspiration!
0 - ArchivalUser - 04-07-2012
Drewalksonwater, systemic pathology is where all the fun begins, I'm sure you'll enjoy it!! Good luck!
-----
A great mnemonic for Sturge-Weber: STURGE
Sporadic
Tram track calcification
U/L portwine stain
Retardation
Glaucoma
Epilepsy
The tram-track sign is produced by cortical calcifications that result from leptomeningeal vascular malformations found in patients with Sturge-Weber syndrome.
[http://radiology.rsna.org/content/231/2/515.full] - Excellent radiography of the skull
Not too sure what the U/L for portwine stain stands for though. U/L could be upper limb but the stain is usually on the opthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. If anyone figures this out, please let me know. Aside from that one, it's a good mnemonic.
0 - ArchivalUser - 04-07-2012
hey mutation, ur post is really been good so far,thankx for adding the HY info,i wanna add some HY notes from uw.
Pityriasis rosea= brown or pink colour, central cleaaring ,herald pattern.
seborrheic keratoses= elderly,pigmented lesions with velvety surface.
Psoriasias= silvery scale .
Actinic keratosis = premalignant ( sq carcinoma) ,sandpaper like texture and hyperkeratosis ( stratum corneum)
now the images of them=)
http://erwinadr.blogspot.com/2010/04/skin-problems.html
0 - ArchivalUser - 04-07-2012
Thanks for contributing, Radioshack! I really like the link you provided, definitely will look through that tonight! Thanks!
---
U/L stands for UNILATERAL! (I think, but it makes sense, so I'm going with it.
A great mnemonic for Sturge-Weber: STURGE
Sporadic
Tram track calcification
Unilateral portwine stain
Retardation
Glaucoma
Epilepsy
0 - ArchivalUser - 04-07-2012
thankx=) how is ur CNS goin?
some more HY points=)
Tech-99 scan- positive for gastric tissues
b-HCG- secreted by syncitiotrophoblast
Marfan syndm-fibrillin(FBN-1) on chromosome 15
Diverticula due to pulsion force-more common in sigmoid colon-in elderly-false diverticulum ,
lft lower quadrant pain.
IFN-Gamma- maturation of macrophages,granuloma formation,caseous necrosis
Agammaglobulinemia-no germinal centre in lymph nodes-no B-cells
Leukemoid rxn- wbc>50,000, inc.or normal level of alkaline phosphatase
CML- wbc>50,000, dec.level of alkaline phosphatase
Strawberry capillary hemangiomas-frst increase in size as baby grows..then gradual dec in size
Stretch reflexatria=ANP;ventricle=BNP;activate guanylate cyclase inc.cGMP vasodilation,diuresis,dec.BP
DNA repair mechanism- glycosylase->endonuclease->lyase->DNA polymerase->ligase
Cannot stand from sitting position-muscle weakness-gluteus maximus( inf gluteal nerve)
Thioridazine-retinal deposits
Chlorpromazine-corneal deposits