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A surgeon performing an appendectomy was unable to identify the base of the appendix due to massive adhesions in the peritoneal cavity. Eventually she identified the cecum and was able to localize the base of the appendix. What anatomical structure(s) on the cecum would she have used to find the base of the appendix?
A-OMENTAL appendages
b-haustra coli
c-ileal orifice
d-semilunar folds
e-teniae coli
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Teniae coli
The teniae coli are three bands of longitudinal muscle on the surface of the large intestine. The large intestine does not have a continuous layer of longitudinal muscle--instead, it has teniae coli. These three bands meet at the appendix, which projects from the dependent portion of the cecum. The omental appendages are fatty appendages which are unique to the large intestine. These are all over the large intestine and are not specifically associated with the appendix. The haustra are multiple pouches in the wall of the large intestine, which form where the longitudinal muscle layer of the wall of the large intestine is deficient. Remember--the teniae coli, omental appendages, and the haustra are the three distinctive features of the large intestine!
The ileal orifice is the space where the ileum open into the cecum--it is surrounded by the ileocecal valve. The semilunar folds are the folds found along the lining of the large intestine.
