05-15-2012, 10:29 AM
BIG PICTURE :
dietary product consumed : --> Glycine [source = turkey, chicken, etc]
dietary product consumed : --> glutamine [ source = milk, yogurt, cheese, beef, etc]
dietary product consumed : --> aspartate [ source = fish, nuts, vegetables, etc]
after protein metabolism amino acids are absorbed for use. [the ones listed above and many other] but we shall discuss the use of the amino acids listed above.
De Novo Pyrimidine & Purine synthesis: Well we start of with Ribose 5 - phosphate [R5P]
... where does ribose 5 phosphate come from? well its from HMP SHUNT PATHWAY.. please read HMP SHUNT for further understanding and development of R5P.
R5P -> will eventually become PrPP via addition of salvage nucleosides* note i did not say nucleotides***
so R5P + Adenine + respective enzyme = AMP
etc etc for further http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoribo...ophosphate check chart***
now that we have R5P converted to PrPP that is still not enough for Pyrimidine synthesis yet it is enough for Purine synthesis to begin solo just via PrPP and respective enzymes....
Pyrimidine synthesis also requires OROTIC ACID. which requires Precursors known as Carbon dioxide, ATP [ source of ATP = mutliple] , Glutamine. these are the precursors for OROTIC ACID.... ofcourse for pyrimidine we also require aspartate but that will come after....
now that we have Orotic acid made + PrPP we can continue our cycle for pyrimidine synthesis and make UMP* uridine [other sources = tomatoes, sugarcane, beer, etc]
so continuation of pyrimidine synthesis: after we have UMP we need it to become UDP... after it becomes UDP it needs to become deoxy from oxy* so ribonucleotide reductase comes over and takes away a electron as this is a reduction enzyme ... a gaining enzyme ... making it dUDP and also from UDP you get CTP which eventually becomes cytidine.
now dUDP will not function in dna so after become dUMP + thymidylate synthase + Dihydrofolate reductase to make THF + SAM you will now have dTMP* allowing to make thymidine
here you have THYMIDINE & CYTIDINE
now back upto PrPP you will require all 3 amino acids listed above [ glycine, glutamine, aspartate + THF and + major enzyme = glutamine PrPP amidotransferase = ratelimiting to make IMP* [inosine monophosphate other source = flavor enchancer] which then plus IMP dehydrogenase + either aspartate or glutamine will give you either AMP or GMP
by this u have GUANOSINE & ADENOSINE
just remember Thymidine = Uracil in RNA
hope this isn't too much this is the story i just made to remember and help me recall goodluck everyone hope i didn't confuse anyone !!! if so please ask away & also if any errors please let me know
dietary product consumed : --> Glycine [source = turkey, chicken, etc]
dietary product consumed : --> glutamine [ source = milk, yogurt, cheese, beef, etc]
dietary product consumed : --> aspartate [ source = fish, nuts, vegetables, etc]
after protein metabolism amino acids are absorbed for use. [the ones listed above and many other] but we shall discuss the use of the amino acids listed above.
De Novo Pyrimidine & Purine synthesis: Well we start of with Ribose 5 - phosphate [R5P]
... where does ribose 5 phosphate come from? well its from HMP SHUNT PATHWAY.. please read HMP SHUNT for further understanding and development of R5P.
R5P -> will eventually become PrPP via addition of salvage nucleosides* note i did not say nucleotides***
so R5P + Adenine + respective enzyme = AMP
etc etc for further http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoribo...ophosphate check chart***
now that we have R5P converted to PrPP that is still not enough for Pyrimidine synthesis yet it is enough for Purine synthesis to begin solo just via PrPP and respective enzymes....
Pyrimidine synthesis also requires OROTIC ACID. which requires Precursors known as Carbon dioxide, ATP [ source of ATP = mutliple] , Glutamine. these are the precursors for OROTIC ACID.... ofcourse for pyrimidine we also require aspartate but that will come after....
now that we have Orotic acid made + PrPP we can continue our cycle for pyrimidine synthesis and make UMP* uridine [other sources = tomatoes, sugarcane, beer, etc]
so continuation of pyrimidine synthesis: after we have UMP we need it to become UDP... after it becomes UDP it needs to become deoxy from oxy* so ribonucleotide reductase comes over and takes away a electron as this is a reduction enzyme ... a gaining enzyme ... making it dUDP and also from UDP you get CTP which eventually becomes cytidine.
now dUDP will not function in dna so after become dUMP + thymidylate synthase + Dihydrofolate reductase to make THF + SAM you will now have dTMP* allowing to make thymidine
here you have THYMIDINE & CYTIDINE
now back upto PrPP you will require all 3 amino acids listed above [ glycine, glutamine, aspartate + THF and + major enzyme = glutamine PrPP amidotransferase = ratelimiting to make IMP* [inosine monophosphate other source = flavor enchancer] which then plus IMP dehydrogenase + either aspartate or glutamine will give you either AMP or GMP
by this u have GUANOSINE & ADENOSINE
just remember Thymidine = Uracil in RNA
hope this isn't too much this is the story i just made to remember and help me recall
goodluck everyone hope i didn't confuse anyone !!! if so please ask away & also if any errors please let me know