08-10-2006, 07:54 AM
18. A 6-year-old girl is brought to the physician because of a 4-week history of headache, fatigue, and decreased appetite. During this period, she has had nausea and vomiting. At the age of 4 years, she was diagnosed with poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. She is at the 15th percentile for height and the 10th percentile for weight. Examination shows no abnormalities. Her serum urea nitrogen (BUN) level is 50 mg/dL. Which of the following is most likely to limit progression of this patient's renal failure?
A ) Increased potassium and sodium bicarbonate intake
B ) Decreased sodium and daily calorie intake
C Low-protein diet
D ) Strict fluid restriction
E ) Dialysis
19. A 5-week-old boy is brought to the physician because of vomiting for 3 days. Switching from a cow's milk-based formula to a soy-based formula and one bottle of an electrolyte solution has not decreased his vomiting. His mother says that there is no yellow color to the vomitus, but it is forceful and occurs immediately after he has had 1 to 2 ounces of liquid. He appears to vomit more liquid than he drank. He has one mustard-colored seedy stool daily. Examination shows no abnormalities. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for his vomiting?
A ) Duodenal atresia
B ) Gastroesophageal reflux
C ) Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
D ) Lactose intolerance
E ) Protein malabsorption
F ) Rotavirus infection
A ) Increased potassium and sodium bicarbonate intake
B ) Decreased sodium and daily calorie intake
C Low-protein diet
D ) Strict fluid restriction
E ) Dialysis
19. A 5-week-old boy is brought to the physician because of vomiting for 3 days. Switching from a cow's milk-based formula to a soy-based formula and one bottle of an electrolyte solution has not decreased his vomiting. His mother says that there is no yellow color to the vomitus, but it is forceful and occurs immediately after he has had 1 to 2 ounces of liquid. He appears to vomit more liquid than he drank. He has one mustard-colored seedy stool daily. Examination shows no abnormalities. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for his vomiting?
A ) Duodenal atresia
B ) Gastroesophageal reflux
C ) Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
D ) Lactose intolerance
E ) Protein malabsorption
F ) Rotavirus infection