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Which of the following statements regarding toxic effects of chemotherapy is correct?
A) Anthracyclines are relatively nonmyelosuppressive.
B) Vincristine is a relatively weak myelosuppressive agent and can be administered during periods of low blood counts.
C) Cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting are mild.
D) The use of bleomycin has been associated with secondary leukemia.
E) Cisplatin can produce hypercalcemia by imparing renal excretion
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bb...vinblastine is more myelosuppressive
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B. Vincristine is less myelosupressive but neurotoxic
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The most prominent general side effects of chemotherapy relate to the effect of these drugs on dividing cells, including myelosuppression, stomatitis, and alopecia. Certain drugs, such as L-asparaginase and vincristine, can be administered during periods of low white blood cell count because they are relatively nonmyelosuppressive. Alkylating agents, such as melphalan, cyclophosphamide, and nitrogen mustard, damage bone marrow stem cells, an effect associated with the development of secondary myelodysplastic syndromes and acute leukemias. Anthracyclines are myelosuppressive, but they inhibit more committed hematopoietic cells than do the alkylating agents. Cisplatin is quite emetogenic; however, vomiting can be managed successfully with the use of a number of agents, including dexamethasone, ondausetron, and metoclopramide. Massive losses of potassium and magnesium (in turn leading to hypocalcemia) must be anticipated with the use of cisplatin because of drug-induced renal tubular damage
