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NBME 11 block 3 q 1 to 50 - maryam2009
#21
21.BB

Most humans are exposed to CMV in their lifetime, but typically only individuals with weakened immune systems become ill from CMV infection. Usually, CMV produces no symptoms. However, serious CMV infections can occur in people with weakened immune systems due to AIDS, organ transplants, bone marrow transplant, chemotherapy, or medicines that suppress the immune system.

A CMV infection may affect different parts of the body. Infections include:

•CMV esophagitis (infection of the esophagus)
•CMV gastroenteritis (infection of the stomach or intestines)
•CMV retinitis (infection of the eye)
•CMV pneumonia (infection of the lung)
•Mononucleosis-like illness

http://www.asm.org/Division/c/photo/cmv1.jpg
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#22
22.DD

ITs tricuspid Valve. The other is mitral valve. Its too low for aortic valve and you dont do pulmonary artery replacement in adults.
So even by exclusion its tricuspid

is posted by ellyk
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#23
23.FF

A Meckel's diverticulum, a true congenital diverticulum, is a small bulge in the small intestine present at birth. It is a vestigial remnant of the omphalomesenteric duct (also called the vitelline duct or yolk stalk), and is the most frequent malformation of the gastrointestinal tract

Meckel's diverticulum is located in the distal ileum, usually within about 60-100 cm (2 feet) of the ileocecal valve

The most common presenting symptom is painless rectal bleeding such as melaena-like black offensive stools, followed by intestinal obstruction, volvulus and intussusception. Occasionally, Meckel's diverticulitis may present with all the features of acute appendicitis. Also, severe pain in the upper abdomen is experienced by the patient along with bloating of the stomach region. At times, the symptoms are so painful such that they may cause sleepless nights with extreme pain in the abdominal area.

Most of the time, bleeding occurs without warning and stops spontaneously. The symptoms can be extremely painful, often mistaken as just belly pain resulting from not eating or constipation.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/co...m_AFIP.jpg
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#24
24.BB
Because dual infection is common, patients diagnosed with either Gonorrhea or Chlamydia
should receive empiric treatment for both infections, unless the other infection has been ruled out.

Treatment of Chlamydia:
Azithromycin
Doxycycline

Treatment of Gonorrhea:
Ceftriaxone
Cefixime

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#25
q13..the answer should be F..It is a case control study and they have asked the odds ratio..
Construct a 2 by 2 table and then multiply...
250*150/250*50=3
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#26
25..?
waiting for answer

26.DD

Chronic exposure to relatively low levels of carbon monoxide may cause persistent headaches, lightheadedness, depression, confusion, memory loss, nausea and vomiting.
It is unknown whether low-level chronic exposure may cause permanent neurological damage. Typically, upon removal from exposure to carbon monoxide, symptoms usually resolve themselves, unless there has been an episode of severe acute poisoning

27.CC

Although the kidneys receive nearly a quarter of the cardiac output and extract relatively little oxygen, there is a marked discrepancy between cortical and medullary blood flow and oxygen delivery and consumption.
In the medulla, blood flow and oxygen supply are restricted by a tubulovascular anatomy specifically designed for urinary concentration.
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#27
28.CC

29.DD

Classic galactosemia...due to Galactose-1-phosphate Uridyltransferase

Smptos:failure of thrive,Jaundice,hepatomegaly,cataracts and mental retardation

Galaktokinase deficiency....Galactitol accumulates if galactose is present in diet.....mild condition
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#28
30.CC

retroviruses (HIV and HTLV) have reverse transcriptase

31.DD

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gray784.png

32.CC

At a single locus,only 1 allele is active,the other is inactive(imprinted/inactivated by methylation)...deletion of active allele......>disease
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#29
33.CC

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a signal protein produced by cells that stimulates vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. It is part of the system that restores the oxygen supply to tissues when blood circulation is inadequate.


34.CC

AML-M3...High circulating myeloblasts on peripheral smear
Auer bodies...Peroxide positive cytoplasmic inclusion in granulocytes and myeloblasts
Treatment of AML M3 can release Auer rods..........>DIC
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#30
please tell me how i can find all the nbme questions from 1 to 12 ??? i didnt find them on the site of nbme.....how i get them????? thanks in advance,,,
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