04-18-2006, 04:51 PM
1. A 10-year-old girl has acute facial swelling and difficulty breathing. An acquired deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor is suspected. Which of the following findings in serum will best support this diagnosis?
A ) Decreased concentration of C4
B ) Increased concentration of properdin
C ) Normal concentration of C1q
D ) Normal concentration of C1s
E ) Normal concentration of C2
2. A 30-year-old woman has a 10-month history of a whitish discharge from both breasts. Her last menstrual period was 9 months ago. She had a bilateral tubal ligation 4 years ago after the birth of her third child. Palpation of the breasts discloses no masses. Whitish fluid is expressed bilaterally on compression of the nipples. The most likely diagnosis is
A ) bilateral mastitis
B ) intraductal carcinoma of the breast
C ) metastatic carcinoma of the breast
D ) pituitary adenoma
E ) premature menopause
16. A 5-year-old girl from sub-Saharan Africa is brought to the health clinic by her mother because of diarrhea for the past 4 weeks. Her pulse is 150/min, and blood pressure is 80/40 mm Hg. Physical examination shows edema of the face, abdomen, and legs. She is listless and has reddish hair. Serum albumin concentration is 1.2 g/dL. Compared with a healthy child, which of the following findings is most likely in this girl?
A ) Decreased interstitial fluid volume
B ) Decreased interstitial hydrostatic pressure
C ) Decreased plasma oncotic pressure
D ) Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
E ) Increased plasma volume
19. An adult's hemoglobin is 98% saturated with oxygen, but arterial oxygen content is decreased. The most likely cause of this condition is
A ) anemia
B ) an arteriovenous shunt
C ) hemoglobinopathy
D ) high-altitude hypoxia
E ) pulmonary diffusion defect
29. A 22-year-old woman is participating in a study that measures renal function. Evaluation of serum and urine shows the following:
Serum Urine
Na+ (mEq/L) 140 100
K+ (mEq/L) 4 50
Glucose (mg/dL) 100 0
Creatinine (mg/dL) 1 100
p-Aminohippuric acid (mg/mL) 0.1 50
Assuming a urine flow of 1 mL/min, which of the following best represents her filtration fraction?
A ) .10
B ) .20
C ) .30
D ) .40
E ) .50
31. Which of the following best describes the movement of Na+ and K+ during one cycle of the Na+-K+ pump (ATPase) in neurons?
Na+ K+
A ) 2 in 2 out
B ) 2 in 3 out
C ) 3 in 2 out
D ) 2 out 2 in
E ) 3 out 2 in
A ) Decreased concentration of C4
B ) Increased concentration of properdin
C ) Normal concentration of C1q
D ) Normal concentration of C1s
E ) Normal concentration of C2
2. A 30-year-old woman has a 10-month history of a whitish discharge from both breasts. Her last menstrual period was 9 months ago. She had a bilateral tubal ligation 4 years ago after the birth of her third child. Palpation of the breasts discloses no masses. Whitish fluid is expressed bilaterally on compression of the nipples. The most likely diagnosis is
A ) bilateral mastitis
B ) intraductal carcinoma of the breast
C ) metastatic carcinoma of the breast
D ) pituitary adenoma
E ) premature menopause
16. A 5-year-old girl from sub-Saharan Africa is brought to the health clinic by her mother because of diarrhea for the past 4 weeks. Her pulse is 150/min, and blood pressure is 80/40 mm Hg. Physical examination shows edema of the face, abdomen, and legs. She is listless and has reddish hair. Serum albumin concentration is 1.2 g/dL. Compared with a healthy child, which of the following findings is most likely in this girl?
A ) Decreased interstitial fluid volume
B ) Decreased interstitial hydrostatic pressure
C ) Decreased plasma oncotic pressure
D ) Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
E ) Increased plasma volume
19. An adult's hemoglobin is 98% saturated with oxygen, but arterial oxygen content is decreased. The most likely cause of this condition is
A ) anemia
B ) an arteriovenous shunt
C ) hemoglobinopathy
D ) high-altitude hypoxia
E ) pulmonary diffusion defect
29. A 22-year-old woman is participating in a study that measures renal function. Evaluation of serum and urine shows the following:
Serum Urine
Na+ (mEq/L) 140 100
K+ (mEq/L) 4 50
Glucose (mg/dL) 100 0
Creatinine (mg/dL) 1 100
p-Aminohippuric acid (mg/mL) 0.1 50
Assuming a urine flow of 1 mL/min, which of the following best represents her filtration fraction?
A ) .10
B ) .20
C ) .30
D ) .40
E ) .50
31. Which of the following best describes the movement of Na+ and K+ during one cycle of the Na+-K+ pump (ATPase) in neurons?
Na+ K+
A ) 2 in 2 out
B ) 2 in 3 out
C ) 3 in 2 out
D ) 2 out 2 in
E ) 3 out 2 in