lets find answers to these question - usmlenew1

[ArchivalUser]

34. 95%
47 FSH?
54.gastroduodenal a.
55 fistula

[ArchivalUser]

great Job usmlenew 1
can you plz email me docanitha

regards

[ArchivalUser]

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hey guys i put some exam exp. and try to anwer it. Hope it helps everyone who taking the exam. pray for me guys taking exam this week.
..... OK here I'll try to explain better. I remember now it was Gly and Pro. so it went like this

ok so the question said which of the following is a intercalated sequence of pro and Gly of course it had other things but that is what it wanted.

1.-CCTGGGCCCGGACUUGGTCCGGGG
2.-CCGGGTCCAGGCCCAGGACTGGGG
3.-AGTCATGGTCCATTGAAAACAATTGT
4.-CCTGGGCCCGGACCAGGTCCGGGG
5.-TCTTCUGAAGAGAGCATTTTTTGCGA
Early studies of 3TC as a single agent in HIV infection, showed that HIV rapidly develops resistance to the drug. Because of this, it quickly became apparent that 3TC monotherapy did not have a promising role in fighting HIV infection.
The rationale for combining 3TC with AZT was the discovery that the two drugs were synergistic in their anti-HIV activity. Researchers also theorize that 3TC, when used in combination with AZT, may help to prevent or significantly delay the development of HIV resistance to AZT. In fact, this may explain in part the ability of the AZT/3TC combination to reduce viral load more effectively and for a more sustained period of time than AZT alone.
The recently reported 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine (acycloguanosine) is selectively phosphorylated by viral thymidine kinase but not by normal cellular thymidine kinase. Our present studies show that the acycloguanosine is as effective in treating herpetic keratitis in the rabbit as iododeoxyuridine and trifluorothymidine when given topically as an ointment. It is also effective when given intravenously for the treatment of herpetic iritis and is effective in preventing death from encephalitis in rabbits.
2. CULTURE MEDIA FOR ENTAMOEBA....
5. ENUMERATE CAs PRODUCING HYPERTROPHIC OSTEOARTHROPATHY....
6. NBT-PABA TEST IS USED FOR.....

11. HIGHEST NERVE IN POSTERIOR TRIANGLE..:..
12. VEINS DRAINING CAVERNOUS SINUS:......
14. SUMATRIPTAN: Anti migraine = 5HT receptor agonist, SE= chest discomfort contraindicated in pt. with CAD or prinzmetal™s angina
5-FU D)VINCA ALKALOIDS: S-shaped specifi antimatabolite. Pyrimidine analog bioactivated to 5F-dUMP which covalently complexed folic acid, inhibits thymidylate syntase and decd TMP .
16. COXA VERA DEFORMITY AFFECTS WHICH BONES....
17. HOW MUCH LENGTH OF RECTUM IS SPARED IN ANTERIOR RESECTION OF RECTUM? (CHOICES WERE IN cms.)
.....
22. GORDON'S SYNDROME.. AD=. These disorders typically involve stiffness and impaired mobility of certain joints of the lower arms and legs (distal extremities) including or flexed position (contractures). Gordon syndrome is characterized by the permanent fixation of several fingers in a flexed position (camptodactyly), abnormal bending inward of the foot (clubfoot or talipes), and, less frequently, incomplete closure of the roof of the mouth (cleft palate)....

25. RT. BORDER OF HEART IS FORMED The right border of the heart is formed by the right atrium
26. MAX. NO. OF BORDETELLA ARE FOUND IN A)CATARRHAL STAGE B)FULMINANT STAGE C)LATENT STAGE
27. CARPAL BONES OSSIFY BY WHAT AGE....
28 LUMBRICALS... Lumbrical action is to hold a pea, that is to flex the metacarpophalangeal joint and extend the interphalangeal joints...
29. USE OF GABAPENTIN: sadation and movement disorders
30. TOURETTE SYNDROME. involuntary motor and local movement improper dopamine regulation Use Ha;operidole its in childhood. It is a D2 blocker cause nuroleptic malignant syndrome or tardive dyskinesia oral facil movements

EM of seminifeous tubule and ask which structure produce extracellular protein:
The lamina propria is composed of both peritubular myoid cells and extracellular matrix material including a
basal lamina that surrounds the seminiferous epithelium and serves as the support for both

4. how do you diffrentiate cells in the liver that are being regenerate instead of repair
5. pt L eye deviate toward midline when looking straight, R eye is normal, what nerve defect
6. Rx of SVT:vrapamil or diltiazem affect nodal cell dec conduction velocity
7. cerebellar tumor in a kid
8. HIV pt on drug present w/anemia, what cause it: He is talking reverse transcriptase inhibitors like AZT, didanosin zalcitatibine , bone marrow supprestion


8.one drug abuse questionmy only saver was papillary constrictionopoid or heroin?

21.How Hydroxyurea is used to make HbFto help in sickle cell disease.
22.Bartholin cyst= which are relatively painless enlargements of the gland, and abscesses, which are infections of the gland. Bartholin cyst develops when the duct exiting the Bartholin gland becomes blocked. The fluid produced by the gland then accumulates, causing the gland to swell and form a cyst. An abscess occurs when a cyst becomes infected. It can be casue by chlamydia and gonorrhea as well as bacteria normally found in the intestinal tract, such as Escherichia coli. On entrentance to viginna on labia, swelling and can be painfull.
23. HAART: Highly active antiretroviral therapy: combination of therapy with protease inhibitors and reverse transcriptase inhibiotors. Initiated when pt. have low CD4 cuount<500 or high viral load.
Pleural effusion:
Spontanous pneumothorax: tall thin male rupture of subpleural bullae in apex of Lung marfan syndrome. portion of lung collapses, pleural cavity pressure is the same as atmospheric pressure, sudden onset of pluritic type pain o chest pain, tympanitic percussion, Absent breath sound, Diaphragm elevates, Trachea deviated to side of collapse,
Atelactasis: MCC of fever after surgery, collapsed alveoli due to mucus plugs blocking terminal bronchials, Incresed tactile fermitus, vibration on chest, dec percussion , elevated Diaphragm.
Tension pneumothorax. Penetrating trauma, in pt. with staph aurus pneumonia and cystic fibrosis, intraplural blebs occur that may rupture. Tear in plura allows air in to plural cavity prevents its exit, inc intraplural pressure shifts the mediastinal structures to opposite side. Plura depressed on the effected side.
Obstructive: chronic bronchitis, emphysema, bronchial ashtha bronchitis. .
x-ray of emphysema= depresses diaphragms , panacinar, alpha-antirypin def. too many neutrofils . or can be aqured by smoking , involves repiratory brohonchils, alveolar duct and alveoli. Lower lob deiseas.
, Oligodendroglioma (calcification on xray), paralysis..what drug?
Hydratidiform mole46XY asking how much maternal and how much paternal contribution,
plecenta previa caseasking how would you confirm itattchment in the lower uterus during cessarian section,
what happens, Birth control pill associated break through bleeding in contex of CTY P450 drugs.
39.Lung ascultaion from back what lobe are you listening to?
Hiatus hernia repair
Congenital alpha one antitrypsin questionwhich lobe? Lowe lob

where on tRNA does the anticodon bind: 3™ end of tRNA

Golgi is where O-Oligosaccarides are added

DNA viruses replicate in nucleous except poxvirus
RNA viruses replicate in cytoplasm except influenza virus and retrovirus.
POXVIRUS= enveloped DS DNA virus linear
Parvovirus is naked SS (-) DNA viru = B19
Adeno is naked parvo is naked and papo is naked

Influenza =enveloped SS linear segmented
Retrovirus= enveloped is SS+ Hiv, HTLV


Reo is naked And DS Rota virus
HEV and Norwalk
Cali is naked and SS+, Pico is naked SS+
monopygotic twin question: 1 zygotes split evenly to develop 2 amniotic sacs with a single common chorion and placenta.
allantois : is median umbilical ligament
It revealed the longitudinal vaginal septum, dual cervices and a single uterus with two endometrial cavities separated by a complete septum. The MR image of a septate uterus with 2 cavities is shown in Fig 1. The left ovary was slightly elongated (4cm) but uniform in appearance and the right ovary was normal. The kidneys were noted to be in orthotopic position. Vaginal exam confirmed the presence of a longitudinal vaginal septum in the upper half of the vaginal cavity. After resection of this fairly dense septum, two normal appearing cervices were identified . complete septation
Buccinator pushes cheek up against your molars
11. CN 7 via solitary nucleus
Testes are paraaortic

know minoxidil also give a B-blocker with it: used for hypertension know it causes pericardial effusion, reflex techicardia salt retention, hypertrichosis

bethanachol: Muscarni agonist: Atony of bladder, paralytic ileus, don™t give to ppl with peptic ulcers asthma, hyperthyroid Parkinson.
what drug pheochromocytoma: Phenoxybenzmine , alpha blocker and pentalamine

Right hepatic artery supplies what part of liver


Methotrexate and leucovorin
osteocyte in osteomalacia

pharmacology
1 doxorubicin : intercalatred dna or break strand DNA?
2 mech of colchicine :inhibit microtubule
3 rupture appendicites : atb cefotaxime+genta or pipercilin/tazobactam?
4 s/e of dramamine : urinary tention
5 old people need to use digoxin need to check liver or renal function or both
6 orlistat SE steatorrhea
anatomy : very few questions and easy no ct or any MRI in my exam
biochem : no basic question all i found in exam give clinical of enzyme deficiency and the syndactyly and polydactyly,
, i feel like i am a man live in girl body DXexual transvertisms
as leiomyosarcoma of uterus(problem tell positive actin) ,


all labeled and the question was............ where does ADH work at?????.......... remember you can only see three different size circles that is it WHERE??????
section of the liver, the history had a kid with a common cold and the picture belonged to a liver with fatty change............. what is the medication the mom gave the little dude?
She gave him aspirin.
picture of blue scleras and the question said what protein is altered????
section of the spine labeled, and they asked a lesion where would be equivalent to the SX of Horner's???? oo
Pt with decreased hearing, poor urination, few days after starting this medication
what is the mech of action of Sparfloxacin???
d) inhibit DNA Gyrase

spherocite on microsc. view, question was............ the alteration is ?? and what is he function of the same protein???????
picture of a subarachnoid hemorrhage, question what is the etiology??

d) sacular aneurism
1. showed immunoflourescence like green spiders - microglia one of the choices
2. 16 yr old female with acne vulgaris- all treatment regimen tried, what test needed prior to giving retinoic acid? Arthralgia fatigue headach skin hanging sore throut alopecia

3. ANomalies of a singe umbilical artery. Single umbilical artery is associated with congentical and chromosomal anomalies it shoud be 2 umbilial arteris

4. origin of mandible/external auditory meatus. Mandible is brachial arch it is mendibular banch if trigamenal
5. Man burn his tongue when he sipped coffee, what CN? Trigeminal v3 mandibular
6. 1 year old with weakness, vomiting and abd distention- revealed volvulus- what is the developmental anomaly that lead to these? (it was meckels diverticuum that lead to volvulus but the answer that they want is viteline duct.
7. Bicornuate uterus “cause paramesonephric ducts didn™t fuse completely
10. 68 yr old female with enlarging tender floculent mass in her introitus. homologue of the involved structucture in males..
10. child with bladder extrophy- associated with epispadia
hypospadis is opening in the ventral side can cause uti failure of urethral folds to fuse.

11. MRI of rotator cuff- woman could not move arms after a fall from a ski accident- arrow pointing to the 12 .00 position. What structure? Supraspinatous which helps deltoid abduct arm.
12. Surgical repair of hiatal hernia - most likely to be injured by the surgeon ?
13. Most posterior part of the heart= left atrium which if enlarged can cause dysphagia
14. 58 yr old man with abd hernia -landmark to d termine the tpe of hernia: inferior epigastic artery, Lateral border of rectus abdominis Inguinal Ligament.
15. vessels to connect to bypass portosystemic shunt -

1. Drawing of urea cycle. Point to area where NH4 enters the cycle.
2. What causes RBCs to form aggregates in Sickle Cell Disease?
3. A gene product is thought to produce tRNA. What characteristic tells you that it is tRNA?
1. presence of many modified bases


4. Drawing of glycolytic, gluconeogenic, glycogen synthesis pathways. Point to the part of the drawing which is influenced by insulin. .

6. Nitric oxide works thru which second messenger? - cGMP casues vasodilation


1)alpha- galactosidase A missing, Ceramide Trihexoside accumulates XR. Pheripheral neuropthy hand/feet. Angiokeratoma, cardiovascular /renal (Fabery)

2)Gucher: B-glucocerebrosidase, and accumulation of glucocerebroside AR. Hepatosplenomegly, aspectic necrosis of femur bone crises, gucher cell M@

3) Nimen Pick: Spnigomyelinas , accumulation of spingomyin= progressive neoudegenration, hepatosplenomgaly, Cherry red spot.

4) Tay-Sachs= HaxosaminidaseA, accumulation of GM2 ganglioside: progressive neurodengenraion development delay, cherry red spots , lysosome with onion skin.

5) HURLER: development delay gargoslim, airway obstruction , coneal clouding: alpha-L-iduronidase, hepran sulphate dermatan sulfate
6) Hunter: same as hurler Iduronate sulfate , Heparn sulfate dermatan sulfate


tetracycline ? Ans: by inhibiting attachment of tRNA to the ribosome..
methotrexate: s-phase antimetabolit folic acid analoge that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase dec dtmp and dec dna and proteing synthsis. Casue macrovesicular